We typically view competition as a positive force that lowers prices, improves quality and service, and increases variety. However, competition can sometimes be toxic.

By Maurice Stucke

Kalecki challenged the structuralist view by pointing to the internal social class barriers to development, and the need to assure supplies of basic wage goods in order to avoid inflationary pressures that could derail the development process.

By Jan Toporowski

We need a dual approach to AI: steer technology in the short term while building new systems for the long term.

By Anton Korinek and Joe Stiglitz

This paper examines in detail the interrelationships between the EU’s concerns, its energy policies, and the resulting challenges and uncertainties facing European gas through the rest of the decade, and beyond.

By Yaroslav Melekh, James Dixon, Katrina Salmon, and Michael Grubb

Welfare economists and moral philosophers have shown that the Consumer Welfare Standard is biased in favor of wealthy individuals and corporations—the very powers the antitrust law is supposed to regulate.

By Mark Glick, Gabriel Lozada, and Darren Bush

The history of the political relations between Hitler and the NSDAP leadership and the German “coal industrialists” from 1926 to 1933

By Karsten Heinz Schönbach